Weekly Assignment 1: How to set up a GitHub web page
Part 1: Download Git
- First, download XCode Command Line Tools here. If your
computer is updated, you should download Command Line Tools for XCode
14.2. (Troubleshooting tip: If this doesn’t work, you can
download XCode from the App Store, but beware that it is a large file
which takes ample time to download). These tools allow for the download
and use of Git in R.
- Next, navigate here to download Git.
- Git is what’s known as a version control system, which means it can track changes in files. Version control keeps (and therefore can restore) past versions of files.
- It was initially developed for programmers collaborating. The best files for version control include plain text (.txt), .R scripts, Markdown (.md/Rmd), html, and LaTex.
- “Bad” files include: PDFs, video/photos, and Word docs, due to the
fact that changes cannot be tracked (e.g. in PDFs) or they are already
have their own version control systems (e.g. in Word)
- Select your operating system. Assuming you are using Mac, you will
have to install homebrew, a software which manages packages in R. To do
this, open the Mac Terminal in order to speak directly to your computer.
Click
command + space bar
to open your Spotlight Search and type “Terminal”.
- Once Terminal is open, paste this code in:
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
. It will prompt you to enter a password (but know it will not populate, so type it and click enter). Terminal will tell you if it is successfully installed.
- Type
brew install git
into Terminal. To check if Git is successfully installed, File->New Project->New Directory->New Project. If Git is installed, you should see the “Create a git repository” check box below the second line:
+ Troubleshooting tip: if homebrew says it is installed but Git
is not working, you may have to enter three commands into Terminal, as
explained here)
5. Name your directory and create it as a subdirectory of
/Users/yourusername/Desktop. Don’t forget to select “create a git
repository”! + This directory is the default location on your computer
where files will be placed.
Part 2: Create a GitHub repository
- GitHub is a free remote website used for public
storage of projects. First, go to github.com and click
“Sign Up” in the upper right hand corner. Follow the
steps to create an account. Then, sign in using your
login credentials.
- Once signed into your GitHub account, click the plus
icon next to your profile icon, again in the upper right
corner.
- Now that we have our account, we can create our repository, which
will contain all of your project files and each files’ change history.
On the dropdown menu, select “New repository”. Our goal
here is to link RStudio to GitHub.
- You can name your repository “TrialRepo”. Add
something like “This is a trial repo as I learn how to use GitHub” to
the Description. Make the repo public,
select “Add a README file”, leave gitignore:
none, and add a MIT License (this license
ensures that no one can monetize your repo).
- Click on your profile picture in the upper right
corner to view a dropdown menu, then select
Settings->< > Developer Settings (the
last option in the left panel) ->Personal Access
Tokens-> Tokens (classic) ->
Generate new (classic) -> add a
Note (what this token is for): e.g. BIOL1007A -> add
Custom Expiration Date of 12/31/23 -> check
repo -> Generate Token. Copy your
PAT and save it in a safe place or email it to yourself.
- Navigate to your repo and click < > Code,
then copy the HTTPS.
- File->New
project->Version
control->Git->Paste the
HTTPS into Clone Git Repository on RStudio. The project directory name
must be the same as your repo name (so put “TrialRepo”). Place it on
your desktop and Create Project.
Part 3: Create an index file
- Now we’ll create an index file which is how GitHub recognizes a file
as a homepage. On RStudio, click the icon in the upper
left corner that looks like a document with a green plus over it:
- Select RMarkdown-> Title: “My Test Web
Page”.
- Save index.rmd in Trial Repo folder.
- Knit this page to HTML to render and preview the homepage of your webpage!
Part 4: Upload your webpage to Git
- In your Rstudio console, type
git status
. This will tell you if you’re up to date with what is on GitHub. We want to make sure that what we see on our local repository is what we see on Git.
- Next, type
git add -A
to add all the changes to Git.
- Enter
git status
again.
- To commit changes, type
git commit -am 'create index file'
. Note that in “-am”, a stands for “all” and m for “message”. You can add any note describing what you did between the ’’.
- Finally, push to GitHub to get this off just your
local computer:
git push
. If it asks for a password, put in your PAT.
(Troubleshooting tip: install a credentials package in the Console: 1. Enterinstall.packages"credentials"
2. Thencredentials: :set_github_pat("PUT PAT HERE")
).
Part 5: Make it a webpage
- Navigate to Settings on your
GitHub repository. Go to Pages on the left side column
-> Branch: main -> Save.
- After a couple minutes, test if your webpage is
live by searching yourusername.github.io/RepoName
(e.g. abbygriffin4.github.io/TrialRepo). CONGRATULATIONS! You
have now created your GitHub web page in RStudio!!